13: Quotations and Dialogue
- Overview
- 13.1Scope of this chapter—and where else to look
- 13.2Quotations and modern scholarship
- 13.3Giving credit and seeking permission
- 13.4When to paraphrase rather than quote
- 13.5When quotation and attribution is unnecessary
- 13.6Ensuring accuracy of quotations
- Permissible Changes to Quotations
- 13.7Permissible changes to punctuation, capitalization, and spelling
- 13.8Permissible changes to typography and layout
- Quotations in Relation to Text
- Run In or Set Off
- Assimilation into the Surrounding Text
- Initial Capital or Lowercase Letter
- 13.13Changing capitalization to suit syntax—an overview
- 13.14Initial capital or lowercase—run-in quotations
- 13.15Initial capital or lowercase—block quotations
- 13.16Brackets to indicate a change in capitalization
- Introductory Phrases and Punctuation
- 13.17Colon preceding a quotation
- 13.18Comma preceding a quotation
- 13.19Period rather than colon preceding a quotation
- Paragraphing
- 13.20Block quotations of more than one paragraph
- 13.21Block quotations beginning in text
- 13.22Text following a block quotation
- Poetry
- Quotation Marks
- Double or Single
- Run-In Quotations of More Than One Paragraph
- 13.30Quotation marks across paragraphs
- 13.31Quotations within quotations across paragraphs
- 13.32Running in more than one stanza of poetry
- 13.33Running in letters
- Quotation Marks Omitted
- 13.34Epigraphs
- 13.35Decorative initials (“drop caps” and raised initials)
- 13.36Maxims, questions, and the like
- Speech, Dialogue, and Conversation
- 13.37Direct discourse
- 13.38Single-word speech
- 13.39Faltering or interrupted speech
- 13.40Alternatives to quotation marks
- 13.41Unspoken discourse
- 13.42Numerals in direct discourse
- 13.43Indirect discourse
- Drama, Discussions and Interviews, and Field Notes
- Ellipses
- 13.48Ellipses defined
- 13.49Danger of skewing meaning
- 13.50When not to use ellipsis points
- 13.51Ellipses with periods
- 13.52Ellipses with other punctuation
- 13.53Deliberately incomplete sentence
- 13.54Whole or partial paragraphs omitted
- 13.55Ellipsis points in poetry and verse drama
- 13.56Bracketed ellipses
- Interpolations and Clarifications
- 13.57Missing or illegible words
- 13.58Bracketed clarifications
- 13.59“Sic”
- 13.60“Italics added”
- 13.61Interpolations requiring quotation marks
- Citing Sources in Text
- 13.62Use of parentheses with in-text citations
- 13.63Full in-text citation
- 13.64The use of “ibid.” with subsequent in-text citations
- 13.65Frequent reference to a single source cited in a note
- Sources Following Run-In Quotations
- Sources Following Block Quotations
- Foreign-Language Quotations
- 13.71Typographic style of foreign quotations
- 13.72Whether translation is needed
- 13.73Where to place translations
- 13.74Source plus translation
- 13.75Including original-language version in note
- 13.76Crediting the translation
- 13.77Adjusting translations
- 13.78Editing translations
- 13.79The sin of retranslation